如何开发基于Netty的HTTP/HTTPS应用程序

目录

• 一、通过 SSL/TLS 保护应用程序
• 二、HTTP 编解码器
• 三、聚合 HTTP 消息
• 四、HTTP 压缩
• 五、HTTPS
• 六、WebSocket

public class HttpPipelineInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> {

    private final boolean client;

    public HttpPipelineInitializer(boolean client) {
        this.client = client;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        if (client) {
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HttpResponseDecoder 处理来自服务器的响应
            pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpResponseDecoder());
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HttpRequestEncoder 向服务器发送请求
            pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpRequestEncoder());
        } else {
            // 如果是服务端，则添加 HttpRequestDecoder 处理来自客户端的请求
            pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HttpResponseEncoder 向客户端发送响应
            pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
        }
    }
}

public class HttpAggregatorInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> {

    private final boolean isClient;

    public HttpAggregatorInitializer(boolean isClient) {
        this.isClient = isClient;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        if (isClient) {
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HttpClientCodec
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpClientCodec());
        } else {
            // 如果是服务器，则添加 HttpServerCodec
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpServerCodec());
        }
        // 将最大的消息大小为 512KB 的 HTTPObjectAggregator 添加到 ChannelPipeline
        pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpObjectAggregator(512 * 1024));
    }
}

public class HttpCompressionInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> {

    private final boolean isClient;

    public HttpCompressionInitializer(boolean isClient) {
        this.isClient = isClient;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        if (isClient) {
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HTTPClientCodec
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpClientCodec());
            // 如果是客户端，则添加 HttpContentDecompressor 以处理来自服务器的压缩内容
            pipeline.addLast("decompressor", new HttpContentDecompressor());
        } else {
            // 如果是服务端，则添加 HttpServerCodec
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpServerCodec());
            // 如果是服务器，则添加 HttpContentDecompressor 来压缩数据
            pipeline.addLast("decompressor", new HttpContentDecompressor());
        }
    }
}

public class HttpsCodecInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> {

    private final SslContext context;
    private final boolean isClient;

    public HttpsCodecInitializer(SslContext context, boolean isClient) {
        this.context = context;
        this.isClient = isClient;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        SSLEngine engine = context.newEngine(ch.alloc());
        pipeline.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
        if (isClient) {
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpClientCodec());
        } else {
            pipeline.addLast("codec", new HttpServerCodec());
        } 
    }
}