使用WindowsAPI获取录音音频的方法

#include <Windows.h>
#include "mmsystem.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")

UINT waveInGetNumDevs(VOID);

MMRESULT waveInGetDevCaps( 
 UINT_PTR   uDeviceID, 
 LPWAVEINCAPS pwic,    
 UINT     cbwic    
);
//uDeviceID 音频输入设备标识,也可以为一个打开的音频输入设备的句柄.
//  个人认为如果上一步获得了多个设备，可以用索引标识每一个设备.
//  
//pwic 对WAVEINCAPS结构体的一个指针,包含设备的音频特性.
//
//cbwic WAVEINCAPS结构体的大小,使用sizeof即可.
//
//MMRESULT 函数执行的结果
//  MMSYSERR_NOERROR 表示执行成功
//  MMSYSERR_BADDEVICEID 索引越界 
//  MMSYSERR_NODRIVER 没有就绪的设备 
//  MMSYSERR_NOMEM 不能分配或者锁定内存

typedef struct { 
  WORD   wMid;        //音频设备制造商定义的驱动程序标识
  WORD   wPid;        //音频输入设备的产品标识
  MMVERSION vDriverVersion;    //驱动程序版本号
  TCHAR   szPname[MAXPNAMELEN];//制造商名称
  DWORD   dwFormats;      //支持的格式,参见MSDN
  WORD   wChannels;      //支持的声道数
  WORD   wReserved1;      //保留参数
} WAVEINCAPS;

MMRESULT waveInOpen(
 LPHWAVEIN    phwi,        //接收打开的音频输入设备标识的HWAVEIN结构的指针
 UINT_PTR    uDeviceID,      //指定一个需要打开的设备标识.可以使用WAVE_MAPPER选择一个按指定录音格式录音的设备
 LPWAVEFORMATEX pwfx,        //一个所需的格式进行录音的WAVEFORMATEX结构的指针 
 DWORD_PTR   dwCallback,    //指向一个回调函数、事件句柄、窗口句柄、线程标识,对录音事件进行处理.
 DWORD_PTR   dwCallbackInstance, //传给回调机制的参数
 DWORD     fdwOpen      //打开设备的方法标识,指定回调的类型.参见CSDN
);

typedef struct { 
  WORD wFormatTag;    //波形声音的格式,单声道双声道使用WAVE_FORMAT_PCM.当包含在WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE结构中时,使用WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE.
  WORD nChannels;    //声道数量
  DWORD nSamplesPerSec;  //采样率.wFormatTag为WAVE_FORMAT_PCM时,有8.0kHz,11.025kHz,22.05kHz,和44.1kHz.
  DWORD nAvgBytesPerSec;  //每秒的采样字节数.通过nSamplesPerSec * nChannels * wBitsPerSample / 8计算
  WORD nBlockAlign;    //每次采样的字节数.通过nChannels * wBitsPerSample / 8计算
  WORD wBitsPerSample;  //采样位数.wFormatTag为WAVE_FORMAT_PCM时,为8或者16
  WORD cbSize;      //wFormatTag为WAVE_FORMAT_PCM时,忽略此参数
} WAVEFORMATEX;

void CALLBACK waveInProc(
 HWAVEIN hwi,     //回调此函数的设备句柄
 UINT uMsg,      //波形声音输入信息,标识关闭(WIM_CLOSE)、缓冲区满(WIM_DATA)、打开(WIM_OPEN).
 DWORD_PTR dwInstance, //用户在waveInOpen指定的数据
 DWORD_PTR dwParam1,  //(LPWAVEHDR)dwParam1,用户指定的缓冲区
 DWORD_PTR dwParam2   
);

MMRESULT waveInPrepareHeader(
 HWAVEIN hwi,  //音频输入设备句柄
 LPWAVEHDR pwh,//指向WAVEHDR结构的指针,标识准备的缓冲区
 UINT cbwh    //WAVEHDR结构的大小,使用sizeof即可
);

typedef struct wavehdr_tag { 
  LPSTR   lpData;     //指向波形格式的缓冲区
  DWORD   dwBufferLength; //缓冲区的大小
  DWORD   dwBytesRecorded; //当前存储了多少数据
  DWORD_PTR dwUser;     //用户数据
  DWORD   dwFlags;      //为缓冲区提供的信息,在waveInPrepareHeader函数中使用WHDR_PREPARED
  DWORD   dwLoops;     //输出时使用,标识播放次数
  struct wavehdr_tag * lpNext;//reserved
  DWORD_PTR reserved;     //reserved
} WAVEHDR, *LPWAVEHDR; 

MMRESULT waveInAddBuffer(
 HWAVEIN hwi, 
 LPWAVEHDR pwh, 
 UINT cbwh 
); 

MMRESULT waveInStart(
 HWAVEIN hwi //设备句柄
);

MRESULT waveInClose(
 HWAVEIN hwi //设备句柄
);

//Run.c文件
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "mmsystem.h"
#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
void PlayMusi();
void WaveInitFormat(LPWAVEFORMATEX m_WaveFormat, WORD nCh,DWORD nSampleRate,WORD BitsPerSample);
DWORD CALLBACK MicCallback(HWAVEIN hwavein, UINT uMsg, DWORD dwInstance, DWORD dwParam1, DWORD dwParam2);
void RecordWave();

void main()
{
 //PlayMusi();
 RecordWave();
 while(1);
}
void RecordWave()
{
 int count = waveInGetNumDevs();//1
 printf("\n音频输入数量：%d\n",count);

 WAVEINCAPS waveIncaps;
 MMRESULT mmResult = waveInGetDevCaps(0,&waveIncaps,sizeof(WAVEINCAPS));//2
 printf("\n音频输入设备：%s\n",waveIncaps.szPname);

 if(MMSYSERR_NOERROR==mmResult)
 {
 HWAVEIN phwi;
 WAVEFORMATEX pwfx;
 WaveInitFormat(&pwfx,1,8000,8);
 printf("\n请求打开音频输入设备");
 printf("\n采样参数：单声道 8kHz 8bit\n");
 mmResult=waveInOpen(&phwi,WAVE_MAPPER,&pwfx,(DWORD)(MicCallback),NULL,CALLBACK_FUNCTION);//3

 if(MMSYSERR_NOERROR==mmResult)
 {
  WAVEHDR pwh1;
  char buffer1[10240];
  pwh1.lpData=buffer1;
  pwh1.dwBufferLength=10240;
  pwh1.dwUser=1;
  pwh1.dwFlags=0;
  mmResult=waveInPrepareHeader(phwi,&pwh1,sizeof(WAVEHDR));//4
  printf("\n准备缓冲区1");

  WAVEHDR pwh2;
  char buffer2[10240];
  pwh2.lpData=buffer2;
  pwh2.dwBufferLength=10240;
  pwh2.dwUser=2;
  pwh2.dwFlags=0;
  mmResult=waveInPrepareHeader(phwi,&pwh2,sizeof(WAVEHDR));//4
  printf("\n准备缓冲区2\n");

  if(MMSYSERR_NOERROR==mmResult)
  {
  mmResult=waveInAddBuffer(phwi,&pwh1,sizeof(WAVEHDR));//5
  printf("\n将缓冲区1加入音频输入设备");
  mmResult=waveInAddBuffer(phwi,&pwh2,sizeof(WAVEHDR));//5
  printf("\n将缓冲区2加入音频输入设备\n");

  if(MMSYSERR_NOERROR==mmResult)
  {
   mmResult=waveInStart(phwi);//6
   printf("\n请求开始录音\n");
  }
  }
 }

 }
}
DWORD CALLBACK MicCallback(HWAVEIN hwavein, UINT uMsg, DWORD dwInstance, DWORD dwParam1, DWORD dwParam2)
{
 switch(uMsg) 
 {
 case WIM_OPEN:
  printf("\n设备已经打开...\n");
  break;
 
 case WIM_DATA:
  printf("\n缓冲区%d存满...\n",((LPWAVEHDR)dwParam1)->dwUser);
  waveInAddBuffer (hwavein, (LPWAVEHDR)dwParam1, sizeof (WAVEHDR)) ;
  break;
 
 case WIM_CLOSE:
  printf("\n设备已经关闭...\n");
  break;
 default:
  break;
 }
 return 0;
}
void WaveInitFormat(LPWAVEFORMATEX m_WaveFormat, WORD nCh,DWORD nSampleRate,WORD BitsPerSample)
{
 m_WaveFormat->wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
 m_WaveFormat->nChannels = nCh;
 m_WaveFormat->nSamplesPerSec = nSampleRate;
 m_WaveFormat->nAvgBytesPerSec = nSampleRate * nCh * BitsPerSample/8;
 m_WaveFormat->nBlockAlign = m_WaveFormat->nChannels * BitsPerSample/8;
 m_WaveFormat->wBitsPerSample = BitsPerSample;
 m_WaveFormat->cbSize = 0;
}
void PlayMusi()
{
 int error = mciSendString("open C:\\Users\\Angel\\Desktop\\有多少爱可以重来.mp3 alias myDivece", NULL, 0, NULL);
 if (error == 0)
 {
 mciSendString("play myDivece", NULL, 0, NULL); //播放
 }
}