Go语言中使用flag包对命令行进行参数解析的方法

flag.Type(name, defValue, usage)

flag.TypeVar(&flagvar, name, defValue, usage)

type Value interface {
  String() string
  Set(string) error
}

flag.Var(&flagvar, name, usage)

package main
import "flag"
import "fmt"
import "strconv"
type percentage float32
func (p *percentage) Set(s string) error {
  v, err := strconv.ParseFloat(s, 32)
  *p = percentage(v)
  return err
}
func (p *percentage) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%f", *p) }
func main() {
  namePtr := flag.String("name", "lyh", "user's name")
  agePtr := flag.Int("age", 22, "user's age")
  vipPtr := flag.Bool("vip", true, "is a vip user")
  var email string
  flag.StringVar(&email, "email", "lyhopq@gmail.com", "user's email")
  var pop percentage
  flag.Var(&pop, "pop", "popularity")
  flag.Parse()
  others := flag.Args()
  fmt.Println("name:", *namePtr)
  fmt.Println("age:", *agePtr)
  fmt.Println("vip:", *vipPtr)
  fmt.Println("pop:", pop)
  fmt.Println("email:", email)
  fmt.Println("other:", others)
}

$ ./command-line-flags
name: lyh
age: 22
vip: true
email: lyhopq@gmail.com
other: []

$ ./command-line-flags -name golang -age 4 -vip=true -pop 99 简洁 高并发 等等
name: golang
age: 4
vip: true
pop: 99
email: lyhopq@gmail.com
other: [简洁 高并发 等等]

$ ./command-line-flags -h
Usage of ./command-line-flags:
 -age=22: user's age
 -email="lyhopq@gmail.com": user's email
 -name="lyh": user's name
 -pop=0.0: popularity
 -vip=true: is a vip user