Go语言动态并发控制sync.WaitGroup的灵活运用示例详解

package main
import (
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var wg sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
    wg.Add(1)
    go worker(i, &wg)
  }
  wg.Wait()
  fmt.Println("All workers have completed.")
}
func worker(id int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Worker %d started\n", id)
  time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
  fmt.Printf("Worker %d completed\n", id)
}

package main
import (
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var wg sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
    wg.Add(1)
    go workerWithError(i, &wg)
  }
  wg.Wait()
  fmt.Println("All workers have completed.")
}
func workerWithError(id int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Worker %d started\n", id)
  time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
  // 模拟错误发生
  if id == 2 {
    fmt.Printf("Worker %d encountered an error\n", id)
    return
  }
  fmt.Printf("Worker %d completed\n", id)
}

package main
import (
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var outerWG sync.WaitGroup
  var innerWG sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 2; i++ {
    outerWG.Add(1)
    go outerWorker(i, &outerWG, &innerWG)
  }
  outerWG.Wait()
  fmt.Println("All outer workers have completed.")
}
func outerWorker(id int, outerWG, innerWG *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer outerWG.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Outer Worker %d started\n", id)
  for j := 1; j <= 3; j++ {
    innerWG.Add(1)
    go innerWorker(id, j, innerWG)
  }
  innerWG.Wait()
  fmt.Printf("Outer Worker %d completed\n", id)
}
func innerWorker(outerID, innerID int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Inner Worker %d of Outer Worker %d started\n", innerID, outerID)
  time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
  fmt.Printf("Inner Worker %d of Outer Worker %d completed\n", innerID, outerID)
}

package main
import (
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var dynamicWG sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
    dynamicWG.Add(1)
    go dynamicWorker(i, &dynamicWG)
  }
  // 模拟动态添加更多任务
  time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
  for i := 4; i <= 6; i++ {
    dynamicWG.Add(1)
    go dynamicWorker(i, &dynamicWG)
  }
  dynamicWG.Wait()
  fmt.Println("All dynamic workers have completed.")
}
func dynamicWorker(id int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Dynamic Worker %d started\n", id)
  time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
  fmt.Printf("Dynamic Worker %d completed\n", id)
}

package main
import (
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var timeoutWG sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
    timeoutWG.Add(1)
    go timeoutWorker(i, &timeoutWG)
  }
  // 等待最多5秒，超时则不再等待
  timeout := time.After(5 * time.Second)
  done := make(chan struct{})
  go func() {
    timeoutWG.Wait()
    close(done)
  }()
  select {
  case <-done:
    fmt.Println("All timeout workers have completed.")
  case <-timeout:
    fmt.Println("Timeout reached. Not all workers have completed.")
  }
}
func timeoutWorker(id int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Timeout Worker %d started\n", id)
  time.Sleep(time.Duration(id) * time.Second)
  fmt.Printf("Timeout Worker %d completed\n", id)
}

package main
import (
  "errors"
  "fmt"
  "sync"
  "time"
)
func main() {
  var timeoutWG sync.WaitGroup
  for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
    timeoutWG.Add(1)
    go timeoutWorkerWithError(i, &timeoutWG)
  }
  // 等待最多5秒，超时则返回错误
  err := waitWithTimeout(&timeoutWG, 5*time.Second)
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Printf("Timeout reached. Not all workers have completed. Error: %v\n", err)
  } else {
    fmt.Println("All timeout workers have completed.")
  }
}
func timeoutWorkerWithError(id int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
  defer wg.Done()
  fmt.Printf("Timeout Worker %d started\n", id)
  time.Sleep(time.Duration(id) * time.Second)
  // 模拟错误发生
  if id == 2 {
    fmt.Printf("Timeout Worker %d encountered an error\n", id)
    return
  }
  fmt.Printf("Timeout Worker %d completed\n", id)
}
func waitWithTimeout(wg *sync.WaitGroup, timeout time.Duration) error {
  done := make(chan struct{})
  go func() {
    defer close(done)
    wg.Wait()
  }()
  select {
  case <-done:
    return nil
  case <-time.After(timeout):
    return errors.New("timeout reached")
  }
}