详解Python开启线程和线程池的方法

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import threadpool
import time
def sayhello (a):
    print("hello: "+a)
    time.sleep(2)
def main():
    global result
    seed=["a","b","c"]
    start=time.time()
    task_pool=threadpool.ThreadPool(5)
    requests=threadpool.makeRequests(sayhello,seed)
    for req in requests:
        task_pool.putRequest(req)
    task_pool.wait()
    end=time.time()
    time_m = end-start
    print("time: "+str(time_m))
    start1=time.time()
    for each in seed:
        sayhello(each)
    end1=time.time()
    print("time1: "+str(end1-start1))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
import time
def sayhello(a):
    print("hello: "+a)
    time.sleep(2)
def main():
    seed=["a","b","c"]
    start1=time.time()
    for each in seed:
        sayhello(each)
    end1=time.time()
    print("time1: "+str(end1-start1))
    start2=time.time()
    with ThreadPoolExecutor(3) as executor:
        for each in seed:
            executor.submit(sayhello,each)
    end2=time.time()
    print("time2: "+str(end2-start2))
    start3=time.time()
    with ThreadPoolExecutor(3) as executor1:
        executor1.map(sayhello,seed)
    end3=time.time()
    print("time3: "+str(end3-start3))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#学习中遇到问题没人解答？小编创建了一个Python学习交流群：711312441
import threading
import Queue
import hashlib
import logging
from utils.progress import PrintProgress
from utils.save import SaveToSqlite
class ThreadPool(object):
    def __init__(self, thread_num, args):
        self.args = args
        self.work_queue = Queue.Queue()
        self.save_queue = Queue.Queue()
        self.threads = []
        self.running = 0
        self.failure = 0
        self.success = 0
        self.tasks = {}
        self.thread_name = threading.current_thread().getName()
        self.__init_thread_pool(thread_num)
    # 线程池初始化
    def __init_thread_pool(self, thread_num):
        # 下载线程
        for i in range(thread_num):
            self.threads.append(WorkThread(self))
        # 打印进度信息线程
        self.threads.append(PrintProgress(self))
        # 保存线程
        self.threads.append(SaveToSqlite(self, self.args.dbfile))
    # 添加下载任务
    def add_task(self, func, url, deep):
        # 记录任务，判断是否已经下载过
        url_hash = hashlib.new('md5', url.encode("utf8")).hexdigest()
        if not url_hash in self.tasks:
            self.tasks[url_hash] = url
            self.work_queue.put((func, url, deep))
            logging.info("{0} add task {1}".format(self.thread_name, url.encode("utf8")))
    # 获取下载任务
    def get_task(self):
        # 从队列里取元素，如果block=True,则一直阻塞到有可用元素为止。
        task = self.work_queue.get(block=False)
        return task
    def task_done(self):
        # 表示队列中的某个元素已经执行完毕。
        self.work_queue.task_done()
    # 开始任务
    def start_task(self):
        for item in self.threads:
            item.start()
        logging.debug("Work start")
    def increase_success(self):
        self.success += 1
    def increase_failure(self):
        self.failure += 1
    def increase_running(self):
        self.running += 1
    def decrease_running(self):
        self.running -= 1
    def get_running(self):
        return self.running
    # 打印执行信息
    def get_progress_info(self):
        progress_info = {}
        progress_info['work_queue_number'] = self.work_queue.qsize()
        progress_info['tasks_number'] = len(self.tasks)
        progress_info['save_queue_number'] = self.save_queue.qsize()
        progress_info['success'] = self.success
        progress_info['failure'] = self.failure
        return progress_info
    def add_save_task(self, url, html):
        self.save_queue.put((url, html))
    def get_save_task(self):
        save_task = self.save_queue.get(block=False)
        return save_task
    def wait_all_complete(self):
        for item in self.threads:
            if item.isAlive():
                # join函数的意义，只有当前执行join函数的线程结束，程序才能接着执行下去
                item.join()
# WorkThread 继承自threading.Thread
class WorkThread(threading.Thread):
    # 这里的thread_pool就是上面的ThreadPool类
    def __init__(self, thread_pool):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.thread_pool = thread_pool
    #定义线程功能方法，即，当thread_1，...，thread_n，调用start（）之后，执行的操作。
    def run(self):
        print (threading.current_thread().getName())
        while True:
            try:
                # get_task()获取从工作队列里获取当前正在下载的线程，格式为func,url,deep
                do, url, deep = self.thread_pool.get_task()
                self.thread_pool.increase_running()
                # 判断deep，是否获取新的链接
                flag_get_new_link = True
                if deep >= self.thread_pool.args.deep:
                    flag_get_new_link = False
                #学习中遇到问题没人解答？小编创建了一个Python学习交流群：711312441
                # 此处do为工作队列传过来的func，返回值为一个页面内容和这个页面上所有的新链接
                html, new_link = do(url, self.thread_pool.args, flag_get_new_link)
                if html == '':
                    self.thread_pool.increase_failure()
                else:
                    self.thread_pool.increase_success()
                    # html添加到待保存队列
                    self.thread_pool.add_save_task(url, html)
                # 添加新任务，即，将新页面上的不重复的链接加入工作队列。
                if new_link:
                    for url in new_link:
                        self.thread_pool.add_task(do, url, deep + 1)
                self.thread_pool.decrease_running()
                # self.thread_pool.task_done()
            except Queue.Empty:
                if self.thread_pool.get_running() <= 0:
                    break
            except Exception, e:
                self.thread_pool.decrease_running()
                # print str(e)
                break

pip install vthread

import vthread,requests
@vthread.thread(5)     #开5个线程执行同一个函数
def compete(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    if r.status_code == 200 :
        print("[*]Success")
    else:
        print("[*]Fail. Retrying...")
compete("http://www.baidu.com/")

import vthread,requests
@vthread.thread
def compete(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    if r.status_code == 200 :
        print("[*]Success")
    else:
        print("[*]Fail. Retrying...")
for i in range(5):  #线程数
    compete("http://www.baidu.com/")

import vthread,requests
@vthread.pool(10) #包装10条线程池
def compete(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    if r.status_code == 200 :
        print("[*]Success")
    else:
        print("[*]Fail. Retrying...")
for i in range(20):  #20线程
    compete("http://www.baidu.com/")