Python cookbook(数据结构与算法)通过公共键对字典列表排序算法示例

# Sort a list of a dicts on a common key
rows = [
  {'fname': 'Brian', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1003},
  {'fname': 'David', 'lname': 'Beazley', 'uid': 1002},
  {'fname': 'John', 'lname': 'Cleese', 'uid': 1001},
  {'fname': 'Big', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1004}
]
from operator import itemgetter
rows_by_fname = sorted(rows, key=itemgetter('fname'))
rows_by_uid = sorted(rows, key=itemgetter('uid'))
from pprint import pprint
print("Sorted by fname:")
pprint(rows_by_fname) #pprint模块的pprint()提供了打印出任何python数据结构类和方法。
print("Sorted by uid:")
pprint(rows_by_uid)
rows_by_lfname = sorted(rows, key=itemgetter('lname','fname'))
print("Sorted by lname,fname:")
pprint(rows_by_lfname)

>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>>
Sorted by fname:
[{'fname': 'Big', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1004},
 {'fname': 'Brian', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1003},
 {'fname': 'David', 'lname': 'Beazley', 'uid': 1002},
 {'fname': 'John', 'lname': 'Cleese', 'uid': 1001}]
Sorted by uid:
[{'fname': 'John', 'lname': 'Cleese', 'uid': 1001},
 {'fname': 'David', 'lname': 'Beazley', 'uid': 1002},
 {'fname': 'Brian', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1003},
 {'fname': 'Big', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1004}]
Sorted by lname,fname:
[{'fname': 'David', 'lname': 'Beazley', 'uid': 1002},
 {'fname': 'John', 'lname': 'Cleese', 'uid': 1001},
 {'fname': 'Big', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1004},
 {'fname': 'Brian', 'lname': 'Jones', 'uid': 1003}]
>>>

rows_by_fname = sorted(rows, key=lambda r:r['fname'])
rows_by_uid = sorted(rows, key=lambda r:r['uid'])

>>> min(rows, key=itemgetter('uid'))
{'lname': 'Cleese', 'fname': 'John', 'uid': 1001}
>>> max(rows, key=itemgetter('uid'))
{'lname': 'Jones', 'fname': 'Big', 'uid': 1004}
>>> itemgetter('uid')
<operator.itemgetter object at 0x023532F0>
>>>